Microarrays have a wide range of applications across various fields. In genomics, they enable gene expression profiling, where the activity of thousands of genes can be measured simultaneously. This helps in understanding gene regulation, disease mechanisms, and drug responses. Microarrays are also used for genotyping, enabling the identification of genetic variations associated with diseases or traits.
In cancer research, microarrays aid in the classification of tumors based on gene expression patterns, facilitating personalized medicine and targeted therapies. They can also be utilized for studying protein-protein interactions, protein-DNA binding, and mapping protein expression profiles
Microarrays find applications in agriculture by allowing the analysis of gene expression in crops, improving crop breeding and selection. They are used in microbiology for microbial identification and characterization. Additionally, microarrays play a role in pharmacogenomics, toxicology, environmental monitoring, and biomarker discovery.