The Role of Microorganisms in Bioremediation

1. The Role of Microorganisms in Bioremediation

Bacteria, fungi, and microalgae are widely distributed in the biosphere and are referred to as the main bio-remediators,

This is due to their fast replication rate and ability to grow in a wide range of environmental conditions. By using their enzymatic abilities to modulate the breakdown and conversion of toxins, these organisms can be used alone or in a consortium to repair the natural environment and stop future pollution. 

Depending on the type of pollutants (heavy metals, agrochemicals, dyes, hydrocarbons, plastics, greenhouse gases, sewage, wastewater, or agro-industrial waste), bioremediation techniques can be applied ex situ or in situ. These techniques primarily involve degradation, detoxification, mineralization, or transformation.